Abstract Introduction: Varicella zoster virus primary infection during pregnancy is rare in Portugal as a result of the very high immunity rates of women of reproductive age. It is associated with higher risks of maternal complications, as well as significant fetal morbimortality, particularly if the mother acquires the infection during the first 20 weeks of gestation weeks or in the peripartum. Case description: We report a case of a 31-year-old pregnant Russian patient, G2P1, with pregnancy managed by her family doctor and an obstetrician. At 27 weeks of gestation, she had a walk-in appointment with her family doctor reporting significant contact with varicella. At the time, she did not have symptoms or significant changes at the physical examination. The patient had no previous history of chickenpox or shingles, and no record of varicella zoster virus immunization. She was referred to the obstetrics emergency department, where she was tested for varicella zoster virus serology. It was confirmed that the patient was not immune to the varicella-zoster virus and was offered immunoglobulin administration. She developed varicella at 29 weeks and two days of gestation, without associated maternal complications or ultrasound findings suggesting the development of fetal varicella syndrome. She delivered a healthy infant at 41 weeks and two days of gestation. Comments: This case report aims to emphasize the importance of primary care physicians’ knowledge on the guidance of pregnant women who report significant varicella contact and/or develop varicella. In addition, this report highlights the importance of varicella immunity assessment at preconception counselling and care appointments to identify and manage non-immune women.

Resumo Introdução: A varicela na gravidez é uma patologia pouco frequente em Portugal devido à alta taxa de imunidade da população em idade fértil. Associa-se a risco mais elevado de complicações maternas assim como a morbimortalidade fetal significativa, particularmente quando a infeção ocorre até às 20 semanas de gestação ou no período periparto. Descrição do caso: Mulher de 31 anos, natural da Rússia, grávida, 2G1P, vigiada na Unidade de Saúde Familiar e consulta de obstetrícia. Recorreu à consulta aberta da sua Unidade de Saúde Familiar às 27 semanas de gestação por contacto significativo com caso de varicela. Encontrava-se assintomática e não apresentava alterações ao exame objetivo. Desconhecia história prévia de varicela ou zona e não tinha registo de vacinação contra o vírus varicela zoster. Foi orientada para o serviço de urgên-cia de obstetrícia, onde colheu serologias. Foi confirmada ausência de imunidade para o vírus varicela zoster, pelo que realizou profilaxia com imunoglobulina. Desenvolveu varicela às 29 semanas e dois dias de gestação, não tendo sido registadas complicações maternas associadas à varicela ou detetados sinais ecográficos de síndroma de varicela fetal. A gravidez decorreu sem outras intercorrências e terminou às 41 semanas e dois dias de gestação. O recém-nascido não apresentava alterações sugestivas de síndroma de varicela fetal. Comentários: O caso clínico descrito pretende enfatizar a necessidade do conhecimento do médico de família da abordagem das grávidas com contacto com varicela ou que desenvolvam a doença. Para além disso, tem como objetivo alertar para a importância da avaliação do estado de imunidade em idade fértil para a identificação de mulheres potencialmente não imunes e a sua atempada orientação.

RESUMO Atualmente, existe uma demanda na busca por materiais com alta densidade de potência, longo ciclo de vida e baixo impacto ambiental que são em sua maioria utilizados para a produção de supercapacitores, sendo esses considerados fontes promissoras de energia para sistemas eletrônicos. Os tipos de materiais mais promissores para essa aplicação são os baseados em carbono, devido à sua flexibilidade, área superficial e boa estabilidade eletroquímica. Para a produção de materiais carbonosos, o principal precursor utilizado é a poliacrilonitrila (PAN) e suas variações a partir da adição de monômeros, como o acrilato de metila (MA). Geralmente, esses materiais são utilizados em formas de mantas, fios ou nanofibras produzidos a partir de processos de fiação e posteriormente carbonizados para gerar o material carbonáceo. Um dos processos de fiação que tem sido amplamente estudado para a obtenção de nanofibras de carbono é o processo de eletrofiação. Portanto, este trabalho apresenta os resultados obtidos do processo de carbonização de mantas eletrofiadas a partir de solução de PAN homopolímero (PANH) e PAN-co-acrilato de metila 6 % (PA6MA) com dimetilformamida (DMF) com o intuito de obter material para uso em supercapacitores. Os polímeros utilizados foram analisados por DSC para a obtenção dos valores relacionados a faixa de ciclização, sendo possível observar uma melhor estabilidade térmica relacionada as amostras de PAN6MA com faixa de temperatura de 240-312 °C e temperatura máxima do pico exotérmico de 292 °C. As mantas obtidas pelo processo de eletrofiação foram oxidadas a 235°C por 5min e carbonizadas a 900 °C por 5 min. As mantas obtidas, antes e após o processo de carbonização, foram analisadas por MEV apresentando fibras de superfície lisa, dispersas aleatoriamente e de dimensões nanométricas, sendo os valores de diâmetro aproximado de 219 nm para as nanofibras de carbono de PANH (NfcPANH) e 185 nm para as nanofibras de carbono de PAN6MA (NfcPAN6MA). As mantas carbonizadas foram analisadas pela técnica RAMAN e foi possível a obtenção de dados referentes a estrutura carbônica presente nas amostras, onde os valores obtidos demonstraram que as amostras de NfcPAN6MA apresentaram menor valor de grau de cristalinidade medida a partir da relação entre as bandas D e G conhecido como fator ID/IG, sendo o valor obtido igual a 1,06 para as NfcPNA6MA e 1,24 para as NfcPANH, isso demonstra uma maior presença de estruturas grafíticas cristalinas quando comparadas as amostras produzidas a partir da PANH. Para obtenção das características capacitivas foram realizados levantamento das curvas carga/ descarga por análise cronopotenciométrica, foi possível observar as melhores características relacionadas a capacitância específica e estabilidade de ciclagem em baixas correntes aplicadas para as amostras de PAN6MA com valores de capacitância específica de 270,9 F/g, densidade de energia de 30,0 Wh/kg e densidade de potência de 153,5 W/kg. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que o material apresentou potencial para a aplicação proposta.

ABSTRACT Currently, there is a demand in the search for materials with high power density, long life cycle and low environmental impact that are mostly used fot the supercapacitors production, which are considered promising energy power for electronic systems. The most promising types of materials for this application are those based on carbon, due to their flexibility, surface area and good electrochemical stability. For the production of carbonaceous materials, the main precursor used is polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and its variations from the addition of monomers, such as methyl acrylate (MA). Generally, these materials are used in forms of blankets or yarns produced from spinning processes and later carbonized to generate the carbonaceous material. One of the spinning processes that has been widely studied for obtaining carbon nanofibers is the electrospinning process. Therefore, this paper presents the results obtained from the carbonization of electrospun blankets manufactured from solutions of polyacrylonitrile homopolymer (PANH) and poly (acrylonitrile-co-6 % methyl acrylate) (PAN6MA) combined with dimethylformamide in order to obtain material for use in supercapacitors. The polymers used were analyzed by DSC to obtain the values related to cyclization, by that were possible to observe a better thermal stability related to the samples of PAN6MA, with a temperature range of 240-312 ºC and maximum temperature of the exothermic peak of 292 °C. The electrospun mats were oxidized at 235°C per 5 min and carbonized at 90 °C per 5 min. Both pre-carbonization and post-carbonization mats were analyzed by SEM, showing fibers with smooth surface, randomly dispersion and nanometric size, with values of diameter of approximately 219 nm for PANH carbon nanofibers (NfcPANH) and 185 nm for PAN6MA carbon nanofibers (NfcPAN6MA). The carbonized mats were analyzed by RAMAN technique and it was possible to obtain the data related to the carbon structure present in the samples, where the obtained values showed that the mats manufactured from PAN6MA presented the lower value of degree of crystallinity measured from the relationship between bands D and G known as factor ID/IG, the value obtained being equal to 1.06 for NfcPAN6MA and 1.24 for NfcPANH, this shows a higher concentration of crystalline graphitic structures when compared with the samples produced from PANH. To obtain the capacitive characteristic, the load/discharge curves were surveyed by chronopotentiometric analysis, where it was possible to observe the best characteristics related to the specific capacity and low current cycling stability applied to the PAN - co- 6% methyl acrylate sample with specific capacity values of 270.9 F/g, energy density of 30.0 Wh/kg and power density of 153.5 W/kg. The results obtained demonstrated that the material presented potential for the proposed application.

RESUMO Compósitos poliméricos reforçados com fibras de carbono são materiais cada vez mais utilizados em diferentes segmentos industriais, em especial, os segmentos aeronáuticos e automobilísticos devido a sua elevada resistência mecânica e baixa massa específica. Desta forma, existe grande preocupação com o descarte e a reciclagem dos componentes que representam produtos de alto valor econômico agregado, principalmente fibras de carbono. O processo de pirólise tem sido um dos métodos de reciclagem de compósitos para recuperar as fibras de carbono a partir da degradação da matriz polimérica. No setor de energia, fibras de carbono são traduzidas como bons materiais de armazenamento de energia, por apresentar desejáveis características condutoras e capacitivas que potencializam sua aplicação como material de eletrodo em supercapacitores. Neste sentido, a proposta deste trabalho consiste em viabilizar o uso de fibras de carbono recicladas por pirólise de compósitos epóxi reforçado com fibras de carbono como material de eletrodo de supercapacitores e avaliar a influência dos tratamentos termoquímico e químico sobre suas propriedades capacitivas. Imagens FEG-MEV mostraram que as fibras de carbono foram praticamente limpas permanecendo um mínimo de carbono residual sobre a superfície. A área BET e as análises FTIR, Raman e de voltametria cíclica mostraram que os tratamentos termoquímico e químico realizados na FCP não contribuíram para melhorar a capacidade de armazenamento de cargas na interface eletrodo/eletrólito, pelo contrário, o tratamento químico levou a uma grande redução da capacidade da FCP no armazenamento de energia devido a incorporação de grupos OH e COOH. As curvas de carga/descarga evidenciam boa ciclabilidade e os valores de capacitância específica para a fibra de carbono reciclada de 34 Fg-1, densidade de potência de 37,6 Wkg-1 e densidade de energia de 4,7 Whkg-1encontram-se dentro da faixa para aplicações como eletrodos de supercapacitores.

ABSTRACT Carbon fiber reinforced polymeric composites are increasingly used materials in aeronautical and automotive industries, due to their excellent mechanical, chemical and electrical properties and low specific mass. In this way, there is a great concern regarding the components discard and recycling of the composites, which are considered as high economic value products to be wasted, mainly carbon fiber. The pyrolysis process has been one of the methods of recycling composites to recover carbon fibers from the degradation of the polymer matrix. In energy sector, carbon fibers are known as good energy storage materials due to adequate conducting and capacitive properties as supercapacitor electrodes. In this sense, the purpose of this work is to enable the use of recovered carbon fibers frompyrolysis of carbon fiber epoxy composites as electrode material for supercapacitors and to evaluate the influence of thermochemical and chemical treatments on their capacitive properties. FEG-MEV images showed that the carbon fibers were practically clean with a minimum of residual carbon remaining on the surface. The BET area and FTIR, Raman and cyclic voltammetry analyzes showed that thermochemical and chemical treatments carried out at the FCP did not contribute to improving the charge storage capacity at the electrode/ electrolyte interface. On the contrary, the chemical treatment led to a great reduction on energy storage capacity due to the incorporation of OH and COOH groups. The charge/discharge curves show good cycling and the specific capacitance values for the recycled carbon fiber of 34 Fg-1, power density of 37,6 Wkg-1 and energy density of 4,7 Whkg-1 are within range for applications such as supercapacitor electrodes.

Abstract This paper investigates the application of the luminescence spectroscopy technique in steady–state to study the moisture influence in glass fiber/epoxy prepreg and their laminates. The studies were monitored by intrinsic luminescence comparing the results with gravimetric analysis and near infrared with Fourier transform. Samples are cured and submitted to humidity controlled at 60 and 80 °C until 90 days. It is verified that the decrease in the maximum emission of the samples is directly related to the material moisture content. However, for very short periods, there is an increase in the relative intensity and blue shift of the emission band for all samples treated at 60 °C, which is related to an increase of the rigidity of the polymeric matrix. The results in this paper have a great significance because it brings a wide discussion on the interaction of water in epoxy composites materials.

Resumo Este é um estudo acerca da arte de viver das pessoas em situação de rua. Trata-se de um recorte de uma pesquisa-intervenção realizada por meio de cartografias nômades, objetivando analisar processos de subjetivação em saúde mental que se configuram na produção desse modo de existência. Utiliza-se observação participante e diário de rua para a produção de dados, compondo, pesquisadores e sujeitos, as paisagens psicossociais para tensionar os dispositivos da rede de atenção psicossocial. Conclui-se que a vivência em situação de rua é um modo de fazer arte, ainda quando não se trata de resistência política ativa, haja vista a capacidade de sobrevir em extrema condição de vulnerabilidade social.

Abstract This is a study about the art of living of the people in homeless situation. It is part of a research-intervention done through the nomads' cartography method, aiming to analyze the subjective processes in mental health that are configured in the production of this way of existence. It used participant and daily observation and street notes to the production of data, composing, researchers and subjects, psychosocial landscapes to tension the psychosocial care network devices. In conclusion, the experience of living on the streets is a way of making art, even when it is not active political resistance, given their ability to survive in extreme condition of social vulnerability.

Resumen Este es un estudio sobre el arte de vivir de personas en la calle. Se trata de una investigación realizada por medio de cartografías nómadas, cuyo objetivo es analizar los procesos subjetivación en salud mental que se configuran en la producción de este modo de existencia. Se utiliza la observación participativa y el diario de calle, componiendo, investigadores y sujetos, los paisajes psicosociales para la producción de datos y para activar los dispositivos de la red de atención psicosocial. Se concluye que la vivencia en la calle es un modo de hacer arte, aun cuando no se trate de resistencia política activa, haya vista la capacidad de supervivencia en extrema condición de vulnerabilidad social.

ABSTRACT This paper describes the polycarbonate acrylic laminated development that can be applied in aeronautics and aerospace transparencies. The case studied is a laminated double-curved transparency (bubble form) used in an observation side window of a military aircraft. Side windows need strength and specific characteristics, similar to windshields, allowing the perfect visualization and image capture. Laminated transparencies composed by different materials have better qualities than the monolithic ones. This kind of transparency can offer high mechanical and chemical resistance, high transparency, no fragmentation and easy maintenance or recovery. A significant amount of information about materials and processes was jointed in order to build the reinforced transparency and validate this study. The final results were analyzed based on two points of view: mechanic resistance and, especially, optical quality.

In this experiment the chlorophyll and carbohydrate contents of Arachis pintoi were evaluated to verify if the presence of nitrogen in the soil could contribute to the effectiveness of the establishment of this legume. The design was completely randomized, in a 4 × 4 factorial arrangement, with four N rates (0, 40, 80 and 120 kg ha-1) and four irrigation levels (25, 50, 75 and 100% of field capacity), with four replications. The biochemical evaluations of chlorophylls a and b and total chlorophyll and total soluble sugars, sucrose and starch were performed. The highest contents of chlorophyll a and b and total chlorophyll in leaves were found at the dose of 120 kg ha-1. The water regime of 25% of field capacity was responsible for the lowest content of reducing sugars and total soluble sugars in leaves, stolons and roots. In the roots, the sucrose contents were higher in these conditions, which can be associated with a slight tolerance of the plant to water stress. The water deficiency was responsible for the decrease of reducing sugars and total N in the whole plant and positively influenced the levels of chlorophyll and sugars in the stolon, promoting growth, especially of shoots, at the beginning of establishment.

The objective was to evaluate the growth of Arachis pintoi fertilized with nitrogen and water deficiency conditions. The study was developed in a 4 × 4 factorial arrangement with four nitrogen levels (0, 40, 80 and 120 kg N/ha) and four irrigation levels (25, 50, 75 and 100% of field capacity), in a completely randomized experimental design, with four replications. High doses of N benefited the production of root shoots while the root increased its production at a dose of 40 kg N/ha. The number of green and senescent leaves were influenced by N fertilization and the water regime, where higher doses of N provided greater total number of green leaves (364 leaves/pot) and the limitation of water resulted in a greater number of senescent leaves (78 leaves/pot). Observing the maximum point, the water regime of 90% of field capacity and 120 kg N/ha favored leaf appearance rate of 1.2 leaves/day and less phyllochron (4.6 days/leaf) at 85% of field capacity and 115 kg N/ha. The dose of 120 kg N/ha resulted in ultimate greater width (1.4 cm) and length (2.4 cm) of the leaf at 100% of field capacity. The final length of stolons showed quadratic effect for N, having greatest length (58.1 cm) at 75 kg N/ha and 100% of field capacity.

The objective was to evaluate the effect of nitrogen fertilization on the establishment of forage peanut (Arachis pintoi cv. Belmonte) propagated vegetatively. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse in a completely randomized design with treatments arranged in a 2 × 4 factorial design - two ages (70 and 85 days after planting) and four nitrogen doses (0, 40, 80 and 120 kg/ha) - with four replications. Morphogenetic and structural characteristics and production were evaluated. The nitrogen accelerated the establishment of the forage peanut with an increase in dry weight of green leaves and stolons. The greatest length of stolons (48.0 cm) was obtained with a dose equivalent to 86 kg N/ha and higher density of stolons (20 stolons/vase) between 78 and 82 kg N/ha. Nitrogen fertilization also reduced the phyllochron from 6.7 to 4.6 days/leaf. These data were more intense at 85 days, suggesting greater photosynthetic contribution during this period related to the large number of leaves after 70 days. Therefore, nitrogen can be an important tool to accelerate the establishment of pure stands of forage peanut.

O objetivo deste trabalho é o estudo do efeito higrotérmico em pré-impregnados (prepreg) não curados de fibra de vidro-resina epoxídica usando a técnica de espectroscopia eletrônica de luminescência em modo estacionário. O método de fluorescência extrínseca foi empregado utilizando-se a sonda 9- ácido antróico (9-AA), cujo comportamento fotofísico depende fortemente da polaridade do meio. As amostras foram submetidas a umidades relativas de 6 e 84% por meio da utilização de soluções aquosas saturadas de hidróxido de sódio a 34,5 °C e cloreto de potássio a 20,0 °C, em recipientes fechados, pelos períodos de tempo de 1 semana, 15 dias e 1 mês. As amostras submetidas à umidade relativa de 6% apresentaram aumento significativo das intensidades relativas dos espectros de fluorescência em relação à amostra referência. Este comportamento fotofísico foi atribuído à presença da forma protonada do 9-AA no meio devido à reticulação da matriz polimérica. Após 1 mês, o espectro de emissão apresenta uma diminuição da intensidade em seu máximo. Isto ocorreu provavelmente devido ao processo de plastificação da matriz polimérica promovido pela presença de água na matriz, confirmado pela análise gravimétrica. Os espectros de fluorescência extrínseca das amostras submetidas à umidade relativa de 84% apresentaram as seguintes modificações espectrais: a) decaimento da intensidade de emissão das curvas b e d; b) deslocamento da banda de emissão para a região do azul devido ao aumento do teor de água; e c) aparecimento de um ombro na banda de emissão em 424 e 472 nm. Este comportamento fotofísico foi atribuído ao deslocamento do equilíbrio químico da forma protonada para a forma ionizada do 9-AA, promovido pela entrada de umidade no material.

The work is aimed at studying hygrothermal effects on uncured glass-epoxy fiber prepreg (F-161 - Hexcel Co.) using luminescence spectroscopy under steady-state conditions. The fluorescence extrinsic method was employed using the 9-anthroic acid probe, whose photophysical behavior is strongly dependent on the polarity of the medium. The samples were submitted to relative humidity of 6 and 84% using saturated aqueous solutions of NaOH at 34.5 °C and KCl at 20.0 °C in closed recipients, for periods of time of 1 week, 15 days and 1 month. The samples submitted to the relative humidity of 6% showed a significant increase in the relative intensity of the fluorescence spectra in relation to the reference sample. This photophysical behavior was attributed to the 9-AA protonated form in the medium due to the polymeric matrix cross-linking process. After 1 month, the emission spectrum showed a decreased maximum intensity, which could be related to the polymeric matrix plasticization caused by water absorption, which was confirmed by gravimetric analysis. The extrinsic fluorescence spectra of the samples submitted to relative humidity of 84% showed the following spectral modifications: a) emission intensity decrease in curves b and d; b) blue shift in the emission band due to the humidity content; e c) appearance of a shoulder in the emission band at 424 and 472 nm. This photophysical behavior was attributed to the chemical equilibrium between protonated and ionized forms of 9-AA in the medium, promoted by absorption of water in the material.

This work involved the application of luminescence spectroscopy under steady-state conditions to study the curing process of the epoxy resin diglycidyl-ether of bisphenol-A (DGEBA) using the curing agents 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane (DDM) and 4,4'-diaminodiphenylsulfone (DDS). Two fluorescence methods were employed: the intrinsic method related to the polymeric matrix and the extrinsic method, using the molecular probe 9-anthroic acid (9-AA). Stoichiometric mixtures, with and without 9-AA, were heated to 120 °C at a 5 °C/min heating rate. These samples were then cured at 120 °C for a further 2 hours and allowed to cool to room temperature for 20 minutes. The results obtained by the two methods indicate that the cross-linking reaction can be monitored by analyzing the spectral changes of the emission bands of DGEBA, curing agents and 9-AA.